Bernhardus varenius biography of michael j

Bernhardus Varenius

German geographer

"Varenius" redirects here. For Romans named Varenius, Varenus, or Vorenus, see Varena gens.

Bernhardus Varenius (Bernhard Varen) (, Hitzacker, Lower Saxony&#;&#; ) was a German geographer.

Bernhardus varenius biography of michael jackson Bernhardus Varenius was a major figure in the revival of geographic learning in Europe, whose scholarly general geography remained the accepted standard authority for more than a century. Born Bernhard Varen, he was better known by the Latin version of his name, Bernhardus Varenius. After studying.

Life

His early years (from ) were spent at Uelzen, where his father was court preacher to the duke of Brunswick. Varenius studied at the gymnasium of Hamburg (–), and at Königsberg (–) and Leiden (–) universities, where he devoted himself to mathematics and medicine, taking his medical degree at Leiden in He then settled at Amsterdam, intending to practice medicine.

But the recent discoveries of Abel Tasman, Willem Schouten and other Dutch navigators, and his friendship for Willem Blaeu and other geographers, attracted Varenius to geography. He died in , aged only twenty-eight, a victim to the privations and miseries of a poor scholar's life.[1]

Works

In he published, through L.

Elzevir of Amsterdam, his Descriptio Regni Japoniae. In this was included a translation into Latin of part of Jodocus Schouten's account of Siam (Appendix de religione Siamensium, ex Descriptione Belgica Iodoci Schoutenii), and chapters on the religions and customs of various peoples.

Bernhardus varenius biography of michael Bernhardus Varenius (Bernhard Varen) (, Hitzacker, Lower Saxony – ) was a German geographer. Life. His early years (from ) were spent at Uelzen.

Next year () appeared, also through Elzevir, the work by which he is best known, his Geographia Generalis, in which he endeavored to lay down the general principles of the subject on a wide scientific basis, according to the knowledge of his day. Varenius followed the Sphaera mundi () of Giuseppe Biancani, though he also introduced ideas that had come into thinking during the intervening decades.[2] The work is divided into (1) absolute geography, (2) relative geography and (3) comparative geography.

The first investigates mathematical facts relating to the earth as a whole, its figure, dimensions, motions, their measurement, etc. The second part considers the earth as affected by the sun and stars, climates, seasons, the difference of apparent time at different places, variations in the length of the day, etc. The third part treats briefly the actual divisions of the surface of the earth, their relative positions, globe and map-construction, longitude, navigation, etc.[1]

Varenius, with the materials at his command, dealt with the subject of geography in a truly philosophic spirit; and his work long held its position as the best treatise in existence on scientific and comparative geography.

The work went through many editions.

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    • Sir Isaac Newton introduced several important improvements into the Cambridge edition of ; in James Jurin issued another Cambridge edition with a valuable appendix; in the whole work was translated into English by Dugdale; and in Dugdale's second edition was revised by Shaw. In an Italian edition appeared at Naples; in a Dutch translation followed; in Osman b.

    Abdulemennan translated it into Turkish; and in a French version, from Shaw's edition, came out at Paris. Among later geographers d'Anville and Alexander von Humboldt especially drew attention to Varen's genius and services to science.[1]

    Editions

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^ abc&#;One or more of the preceding sentences&#;incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:&#;Chisholm, Hugh, ed.

      Bernhardus varenius biography of michael jordan

      Bernhardus Varenius (Bernhard Varen) (, Hitzacker, Lower Saxony – ) was a German geographer. His early years (from ) were spent at Uelzen, where his father was court preacher to the duke of Brunswick.

      (). "Varenius, Bernhardus". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;27 (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.&#; This cites:

      • Breusing, "Lebensnachrichten von Bernhard Varenius" (Geogr.

        Bernhardus varenius biography of michael w: Bernhardus Varenius (born , Hitzacker, Hannover [Germany]—died /51, Leiden, Netherlands) was a major figure in the revival of geographic learning in Europe, whose scholarly general geography remained the accepted standard authority for more than a century.

        Mittheil., )

      • H. Blink's paper on Varenius in Tijdschr. van het Nederl. Aandrijksk.

      • Settings
      • Varenius, Bernhardus - Infoplease
      • From Cosmography to Scientific Geography: The Contribution of ...
      • Settings

        • Genotschap (), ser. ii. pt. 3

      • F. Ratzel's article "Bernhard Varenius," in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, vol. xxxix.

        Biography of michael jackson Geographia Generalis is a seminal work in the field of geography authored by Bernhardus Varenius, first published in [1] This influential text laid the foundations for modern geographical science and was pivotal in the development of geography as a scientific discipline.

        (Leipzig, )

    2. ^Nicolson, Marjorie Hope (). "Literary attitudes toward mountains". Dictionary of the History of Ideas. 3. Scribner: – Archived from the original on

    References

    Further reading

    • Margret Schuchard (ed), Bernhard Varenius (–) (Leiden, Brill, ), xxiv, pp.

      (Brill's Studies in Intellectual History, ).

    External links

    Varenius's (), Geographia generalis, in qua affectiones generales telluris explicantur, from the Linda Hall Library